"One of the many differences to the GR is, that GR calculates the expected result as 1player against all others and my first attempt was to split each game in many 1v1. We can give this a try, but this would rate a 1v1 exactly the same as an 34-player worldmap. I'm not sure if this is fair."
Not quite, its rates you vs everyone else combined. So say everyone in a game has a GR of 100, since my odds of winning a 1v1 are 1 in 2, I would get only a slight boost in GR from winning, but since my odds of winning a chaos game is 1 in 34, I would get a massive boost for winning that.
But thinking about it you bring up a good point, for a 1v1 GR game to work, every single game would have to be WTA, otherwise if my GR is 500 against a GR of 100 in a 1v1, even if I win a PPSC game 19-15 against you, since its counted as PPSC and my GR is so high and yours is so low, I would actually lose points, because the % of the pot I won is lower then the % of the pot I was expected to get. In fact if my GR is 35 times higher then yours, if you survive with just 1 supply center in a 1v1, I would still lose GR. (That said this would really be one of the best on the site vs one of the worst since based on the current list, the best player on webdiplomacy has a rating of 45 times higher then the worst.
Thinking about it, for GR to work I think smaller maps would have to be WTA for it to work, otherwise in extreme cases (in the unlikely event that Devonian or Bozo faces some unnamed rookie) even if Devonian or Bozo wins, they may end up losing GR.